survivable adaptable fiber-optic embedded network

　　Satellite Communications

　　Satellite communications entails microwave radio, line-of-sight propagation from a transmitting earth terminal (i.e., usually ground-based but potentially ship or airborne) through the atmosphere and outer space media to a satellite, and back to earthbound receiving terminals. In essence, satellites are equivalent to orbiting microwave repeaters.

　　Scenario

　　In SWAT, a scenario is an iteration of an RFW project. A scenario holds the design detail work units that are associated with the project. By creating multiple scenarios, you can compare pricing and scheduling options. A scenario has three different statuses. A Working status indicates that the scenario is under reivew. A Posted status indicates that a scenario has been identified as the official design. A Final Posted status indicates that a scenario is the "as-built" version of the project.

　　SDH

　　synchronous digital hierarchy

　　SDN

　　software defined network

　　SECAB

　　Small Exchange Carrier Access Billing

　　Server

　　In a network, a server is equipment that makes available file, database, printing, facsimile, communications or other services to client terminals/stations with access to the network. A gateway is a server that permits client terminal/station access to external communications networks and/or information systems.

　　Service Management System (SMS)

　　In virtual private networks, SMS is a facility used to build and maintain a VPN database allowing customers to program specific functions for unique business applications. The SMS contains complete specifications of customer defined private network specifications including location data, numbering plan, features, screening actions, authorization codes, calling privileges, etc. This information is downloaded (transmitted) to network control points (NCPs) which implement its instructions on a customer-by-customer basis.

　　Service Order (SO)

　　A service order is a record that describes a customer request to establish, change, or terminate a service. The service order contains all information required to meet a customer's needs.

　　SF

　　single frequency

　　Shielded Twisted Pair

　　Shielded twisted pair is twisted copper paired wire cable with an outer metallic sheath surrounding insulated conductors. See unshielded twisted pair.

　　Signal

　　A signal is usually a time-dependent value attached to an energy propagating phenomenon used to convey information, for example, an audio or sound signal in which the data is characterized in terms of loudness and pitch.

　　Signaling

　　Signaling is the process of generating and exchanging information between components of a telecommunications system to establish, monitor, or release connections (call handling functions) and to control related network and system operations (other functions).

　　Signaling System No. 7, SS #7

　　SS#7 is an international common channel signaling system recommendations established by the CCITT.

　　Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

　　SNMP is the application protocol offering network management service in the Internet suite of protocols. A structure for formatting messages and transmitting information between reporting devices (agents) and data collection programs. Developed jointly by the Department of Defense, industry and the academic community as part of the TCP/IP protocol suite; ratified as an Internet standard in Request for (Comment (RFC) 1098.

　　Simplex

　　Simplex is a transmission path capable of transmitting signals in only one direction.

　　Single Mode Optical Fiber(s)

　　Single mode optical fibers have sufficiently small core diameters in relation to the wavelength (frequency) of operation that electromagnetic (light) wave is constrained to travel in only one transverse path from transmitter to receiver. This requires the utmost in angular alignment of light emitting devices at points where light enters the fiber and results in higher transmitter/termination costs than multimode fiber systems. See multimode optical fiber(s).

　　SMDR

　　station message detail record

　　SMDS

　　switched multimegabit data system

　　SMT

　　station management technology

　　SNA

　　Systems Network Architecture

　　SNI

　　subscriber network interface

　　SNMP

　　Simple network management protocol. See Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).

　　SO

　　Service Order

　　SOC

　　Service Order Code

　　SONET

　　synchronous optical network

　　Space Division

　　Space division is a switch that implements the switch matrix using a physical, electrical, spatial link. Where older space division switches used electro-mechanical mechanisms with metallic contacts, modern space-division switches are implemented electronically using integrated circuits. (Usually denoted by "S" in combined time and space division switches).

　　Special Services

　　Special services are any of a variety of LEC and IXC switched, non-switched, or special rate services that are either separate from public telephone service or contribute to certain aspects of public telephone service. Examples include PBX tie trunks, foreign exchange (FX) and private line services. These services are important to business telecommunication planners/users.

　　SSN

　　switched service network

　　SS

　　signaling system

　　Station Equipment

　　Station equipment is a component of telecommunications systems such as a telephone or data terminal, generally located on the user's premises. Its function is to transmit and receive user information (traffic), and to exchange control information with the network to access communications services.

　　STM

　　synchronous transfer mode

　　STP

　　shielded twisted pair or signaling transfer/point

　　Superframe Format (SF)

　　Superframe format is a framing format (D3/D4——mode 3), the most widely used T1 carrier framing format in which the bipolar bit stream is organized into superframes each consisting of 12 frames. To ensure timing, the signal must consist of at least one "1" bit in every 15 bits and at least :3 " 1" bits in every 24 bits. See extended superframe.

　　Supervisory Signals

　　Supervisory signals are signals used to indicate or control the states of circuits involved in a particular switched connection. A supervisory signal indicates to equipment, to an operator, or to a user that a particular state in the call has been reached and may simplify the need for action.

　　Switch Matrices

　　Switch matrices are the mechanism that provides signal paths between its input and output terminations. Modern matrices are electronic and involve either time or space division switching. A time division switch employs a TDM process, in a time-slot interchange (TSI) arrangement. In space division, a physical, electrical, spatial link is established through the switch matrix. Whereas older space division switches used electro-mechanical mechanisms with metallic contacts, modern space-division switches are implemented electronically using integrated circuits.

　　Switching

　　Switching refers to the process of connecting appropriate lines and/or trunks to form a desired communications path between two station sets, or more generally, any two arbitrary points in a telecommunications network. Included are all kinds of related functions such as signaling, monitoring the status of circuits, translating address to routing instructions, alternate routing, testing circuits for busy conditions, and detecting and recording troubles.

　　Switching Systems

　　Switching systems are interconnect transmission facilities at various network locations and route traffic through a network.

　　Systems (Manual Circuits)

　　In Plant Records and Assignment, these terms refer to circuits whose network elements have been assigned manually rather than by automatic assignment.

　　Systems Network Architecture (SNA)

　　SNA is IBM's proprietary description of the logical structure, formats, protocols, and operational sequences for transmitting information units through and controlling network configuration and operation.

　　Search Vehicles - Sources that offer a variety of methods to obtain information on the WWW (e.g. catalogs, directories, search engines, spiders).

　　Secure Internet Protocols - A set of security rules or standards that determines how computers talk to each other on a network.

　　Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP) - See Dialup Service

　　Shell Access - Basic Dialup Access to the Internet offering e-mail and mail forwarding, telnet, FTP and IRC.

　　Single Bill Fee - Many long distance companies are now adding a fee to the phone bills of customers who are billed for long distance service through their local phone companies. TDS Long Distance does not charge this fee.

　　Slamming - When a telephone customer’s long distance service has been switched from one long distance company to another without the customer’s permission. This is illegal.

　　SLC - Subscriber Line Charge. A monthly fee paid by telephone customers. The money is used to compensate the local telephone company for part of the cost of maintenance and installation of the telephone wire, poles, and other facilities that link a customer’s home to the telephone network.

　　Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) - A method of transferring e-mails between computers on a network.

　　SLIP - See Serial Line Internet Protocol or Dialup Access

　　SLiPPP (Serial Line Internet Point to Point Protocol) - A popular Dialup Access service that comes with a Shell Account, a dedicated IP address, a unique Domain Address and high-speed 28.8 modems.

　　SMDS - See Switched Multimegabit Data Service

　　SMTP - See Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

　　Spectrum - Federal government designation of a range of frequencies for a category of use or uses. For example, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) allocated the 1900 MHz band for personal communications services. Allocation, typically accomplished in years-long FCC proceedings, tracks new technology development. However, the FCC can shift existing allocations to accommodate changes in spectrum demand. As an example, some UHF television channels were recently reallocated to public safety.

　　State Subscriber Line Charge - A charge mandated by some state public service or utility commissions to compensate the local phone company for part of the cost of providing local telephone lines associated with state services, i.e. intrastate long distance and local exchange services.

　　SSL - The Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) is a common protocol for managing the security of data transmission over the Internet. You can tell if a Web page is encrypted by looking for the "lock" graphic within your browser window. Sites that need to transfer sensitive information such as passwords and credit card information from the browser to the server must have SSL enabled. TDS uses SSL for your protection.

　　Subscriber - The party identified in the account records of a common carrier as responsible for payment of the telephone bill. (1.) Any adult person authorized by such party to change telecommunications services or to charge services to the accounts; or (2.) any person contractually or otherwise lawfully authorized to represent such party.

　　Switch - A device that opens or closes circuits, completes or breaks an electrical path.

　　Switched Multimegabit Data Service (SMDS) - A new standard for extremely high-speed data transfer (up to 34 Mbps).

文章来源网站：外语教育网(www.for68.com)，该站的Alexa排名：