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836. The United Nations (UN) peace-keeping operations are conducted by a group of volunteer military personnel dispatched according to the resolutions of the UN Security Council or its General Assembly to global hotspots to restore and maintain peace.
联合国维和行动，是根据联合国安理会或联合国大会的决议，被派遣到全球热点地区从事恢复和平、维持和平的一批志愿军事人员实施的。
837. Under the UN Charter, the United Nations can attempt to solve international conflicts either by diplomatic means or coercive measures, including embargoes, economic sanctions or by sending in UN troops.
根据联合国宪章，联合国可以通过外交途径或强制性措施来解决国际冲突，其中包括禁运、经济制裁、派驻联合国部队。
838. Peace-keeping operations are usually required when all the methods adopted by the UN for the peaceful settlement of disputes fail to bring permanent peace.
联合国为和平解决争端所采取的各种措施均未能带来永久和平，这时通常要实施维和行动。
839.All the peace-keeping operations are only temporary measures.
所有维和行动都只能是临时措施。
840.Peace-keeping operations have been most commonly employed to supervise and help maintain ceasefires, to assist in troop withdrawals, and to provide a buffer between opposing forces.
维和行动通常用来监督停火并有助于维持停火，帮助部队撤离，以及在对抗部队之间构成缓冲。
841. The military personnel who serve in peace-keeping operations are provided by Member States on a voluntary basis.
联合国成员国在自愿的基础上，提供参与维和行动的军事人员。
842. It is a key principle that the operation must not interfere in internal affairs of the host countries and must not in any way favour one party against another.
有一条重要原则是，维和行动一定不准干涉所在国的内政, 一定不准以任何方式袒护一方。
843.Those who serve in military observer missions are almost invariably unarmed.
履行军事观察员使命的人员几乎一律不准携带武器。
844. Those who serve in peace-keeping forces are equipped with light defensive weapons but are not authorized to use force except in self-defence.
参加维和部队的人员准许配带轻型防御性武器，但是不准使用武力，除非用于自卫。
845.Peace-keeping operations most of the times are faced with the problems of insufficient funds.
维和行动一直面临着资金不足的问题。
846. It happens because a majority of the 182 UN members do not pay their dues. The largest defaulter has been the United States.
之所以如此，是因为182个联合国成员国中的大多数国家不缴纳联合国会费。拖欠联合国会费最多的国家是美国。
847. Command of the peace-keeping operations is either directly controlled by the UN general secretary, or approved by the Security Council and authorized by the general secretary to some regional organizations or major powers.
维和行动的指挥权可由联合国秘书长直接控制，或者经安理会批准，由秘书长授权交给某些区域性组织或某些大国。
848. The UN peace-keepers are exclusively responsible to the United Nations.
联合国维和人员只对联合国负责。
849. The UN peace-keeping forces won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1988.
1998年联合国维和部队获诺贝尔和平奖。
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